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Data Providers

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W Y

The Bird Migration Explorer is made possible by the generous contribution of data and expertise from our partners and the research community.

How to contribute data to the Migratory Bird Initiative
If you are interested in sharing your data with the Migratory Bird Initiative, contact us at migratorybirds@audubon.org.

To request information about the Migratory Bird Initiative
Requests for data should be directed to the contributing data holder or organization. If you’re interested in something else, please contact us at migratorybirds@audubon.org.

Institutions

Data for the Bird Migration Explorer were shared by researchers from 318 institutions.


  • Aarhus University
  • Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience
  • Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
  • Acadia University
  • Alaska Department of Fish and Game
  • Albany Pine Bush Preserve Commission
  • Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz, Centre for Polar and Marine Research
  • Antioch University New England, Department of Environmental Studies
  • Arkansas State University
  • Audubon Alaska
  • Audubon Canyon Ranch, Cypress Grove Research Center
  • Audubon Florida, Everglades Science Center
  • Audubon Great Plains
  • Aurora Research Institute
  • Avian Research and Conservation Institute
  • Baffinland Iron Mines
  • Ball State University
  • Beaverhill Bird Observatory
  • Bighorn Wildlife Technologies Ltd.
  • BiodiversityWorks
  • Bird Conservancy of the Rockies
  • Bird Genoscape Project
  • BirdLife International
  • Birds Canada
  • Birds Canada, Atlantic Region
  • BirdsCaribbean
  • Blackfoot Challenge
  • Bloom Research, Inc.
  • British Antarctic Survey
  • Bureau of Land Management
  • California Department of Parks and Recreation
  • California State Parks
  • Canadian Network of Centres of Excellence - ArcticNet
  • Carleton University
  • Carolina Raptor Center
  • Cary Institute for Ecosystem Studies
  • Center Drive School
  • Center for Remote Sensing and Integrated Systems
  • City University of New York, The Environmental CrossRoads Initiative
  • Clemson University
  • Coastal Bend Bays and Estuaries Program
  • Coeur d'Alene Tribe
  • Colorado Parks and Wildlife
  • Colorado School of Mines, Payne Institute for Public Policy, Earth Observation Group
  • Colorado State University
  • Colorado State University Pueblo
  • Columbia University
  • Columbia University, Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)
  • Conservation Biology Institute
  • Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey
  • The Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  • Cornell University
  • Cornell University, Department of Natural Resources
  • Craighead Beringia South
  • Dalhousie University
  • Database of Global Administrative Areas
  • Delaware Valley University
  • Delaware-Otsego Audubon Society
  • Department of National Defence, Canada
  • Ducks Unlimited
  • Ducks Unlimited Canada
  • Duke University
  • Eagle Environmental, Inc.
  • Eagle Valley Nature Preserve, Kohler County/Kohler Trust for Preservation
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Atlantic Region
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Quebec Region
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada, Pacific Wildlife Centre
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Technology Branch
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada, Wildlife Research Division
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada, Wildlife Research Division, National Wildlife Research Centre
  • Esri
  • Estación Experimental de Aula Dei and Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
  • Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • French Polar Institute - IPEV
  • Friends University
  • Georgetown University
  • Georgetown University, Department of Biology
  • Georgetown University, McCourt School of Public Policy
  • Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Physical Geography
  • Gold Country Avian Studies
  • Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy, Golden Gate Raptor Observatory
  • Gonzaga University
  • Google
  • Government of Yukon, Old Crow
  • Grand Teton National Park
  • Greenland Institute of Natural Resources
  • Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique
  • Gulf Coast Bird Observatory
  • H.T. Harvey & Associates
  • Hamilton College
  • Hancock Wildlife Foundation
  • Harpswell Coastal Academy
  • Harpswell Community School
  • Harpswell Heritage Land Trust
  • Hawk Mountain Sanctuary Association
  • HawkWatch International
  • Haworth Academic Center
  • High Arctic Gull Research Group
  • High Arctic Institute
  • Highland Ringing Group
  • Hydro-Québec
  • Idaho Department of Fish and Game
  • Idaho Fish and Game
  • Impact Observatory
  • Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
  • Indiana University
  • Indiana University of Pennsylvania
  • The Institute for Bird Populations
  • Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del Noroeste Argentino-CONICET
  • Instituto de Biología Subtropical
  • Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
  • Intermountain West Joint Venture
  • International Hydrographic Organization
  • International Livestock Research Institute
  • International Union for the Conservation of Nature
  • James Cook University, College of Science and Engineering, Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science
  • Kansas State University
  • Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources
  • Klamath Bird Observatory
  • Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
  • Lenoir-Rhyne University
  • Lethbridge College
  • Long Point Waterfowl
  • Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
  • Louisiana State University
  • Louisiana State University, School of Renewable Natural Resources
  • MPG Ranch
  • Mackinac Straights Raptor Watch
  • Maine Natural History Observatory
  • Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Water Supply Protection
  • Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior
  • Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Department of Migration
  • McGill University
  • McGill University, Department of Geography
  • McGill University, Department of Geography and Earth System Science Program
  • McKnight Wildlife, LLC
  • Memorial University
  • Merrill Creek Reservoir
  • Michigan Osprey
  • Michigan State University
  • Microsoft
  • Migrate Technology Ltd.
  • Migratory Connectivity Project
  • Millersville University
  • Mississippi State University, Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture
  • Movebank
  • Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Institute for Space Studies
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center
  • National Audubon Society
  • National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
  • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office for Coastal Management
  • Natural Earth
  • Natural Resources Canada, Polar Continental Shelf Program
  • Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
  • The Nature Conservancy
  • Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Nongame Bird Program
  • Nevada Department of Wildlife
  • New Gloucester High School
  • New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Endangered and Nongame Species Program
  • New Jersey Fish and Wildlife
  • New Mexico Department of Game and Fish
  • New Mexico State University
  • New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
  • Nokomis Regional High School
  • North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences
  • North Carolina State University
  • North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission
  • North Star Science and Technology
  • Northern Research Station
  • Northwest Wildlife Consultants
  • Ohio Division of Wildlife
  • The Ohio State University
  • Ohio State University
  • Old Town High School
  • Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters
  • Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry
  • Oregon State University
  • Oregon State University, College of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences
  • Oregon State University, College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon Climate Change Research Institute
  • Oregon State University, College of Forestry, Forest Ecosystems and Society
  • Orono Land Trust
  • PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
  • Parks Canada
  • Partners in Flight
  • Patton Biological
  • Point Blue Conservation Science
  • Polar Knowledge Canada
  • Project SNOWstorm
  • Radboud University, Institute for Biological and Environmental Science
  • Raptor View Research Institute
  • Real Time Research Consultants
  • The Red-tailed Hawk Project
  • Riverbanks Zoo and Garden
  • Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Trust
  • The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Centre for Conservation Science
  • SELVA
  • Salt Lake City Airport Wildlife Mitigation Team
  • Salt Lake City Corporation
  • San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory
  • San Francisco State University
  • Shibaura Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering
  • Simon Fraser University
  • Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center
  • South Dakota State University, Department of Natural Resource Management
  • Squam Lake Natural Science Center
  • Stanford University
  • State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry
  • State University of New York at Cobleskill, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Environmental Science
  • State University of New York at Oswego
  • State of Utah, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources
  • Swainson's Hawk Technical Advisory Committee
  • Tahoe Institute for Natural Science
  • Teatown Lake Reservation
  • Tetra Tech Inc.
  • Texas Tech University
  • Trent University
  • Union Québécoise de Réhabilitation des Oiseaux de Proie
  • United States Army Corps of Engineers
  • United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center
  • United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory
  • United States Department of Homeland Security
  • United States Department of the Army
  • United States Environmental Protection Agency
  • United States Fish and Wildlife Service
  • United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Region, Migratory Bird Management
  • United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Federal Aid
  • United States Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System
  • United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, Division of Migratory Birds
  • United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge
  • United States Forest Service
  • United States Forest Service, Northern Research Station
  • United States Geological Survey
  • United States Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
  • United States Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Bird Banding Laboratory
  • United States Geological Survey, Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
  • United States Geological Survey, Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
  • United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
  • United States Geological Survey, Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
  • United States Geological Survey, South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
  • United States Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center
  • United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Maritime Safety Office
  • United States National Park Service
  • Unity College
  • Universidad Ana G. Méndez
  • Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Universite de Namur, Departement de Geographie
  • University of Alaska Fairbanks
  • University of Alberta
  • The University of Arkansas at Monticello
  • University of Arkansas, Sustainability Consortium
  • University of British Columbia Okanagan
  • University of British Columbia, Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences
  • University of California Davis
  • University of California, Davis
  • University of California, Los Angeles
  • University of California, Santa Cruz
  • University of Colorado Denver
  • University of Delaware, Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology
  • University of Florida
  • University of Georgia
  • University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory
  • University of Guelph
  • University of Guelph, Department of Integrative Biology
  • University of Hawai’i, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Geosciences Lab
  • University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  • University of Kentucky
  • University of Louisville, Department of Geography and Geosciences
  • University of Maine
  • University of Manitoba
  • University of Maryland, Department of Geographical Sciences
  • University of Massachusetts
  • University of Massachusetts Amherst
  • University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Environmental Conservation, Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center
  • University of Minnesota, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology
  • University of Minnesota, Natural Resources Research Institute
  • University of Montana
  • University of New England
  • University of Northern British Columbia, Ecosystem Science and Management
  • University of Oklahoma
  • The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions
  • University of Saskatchewan
  • University of Southampton, Biological Sciences
  • University of Southampton, School of Geography and Environmental Science
  • University of Tennessee
  • University of Tennessee at Knoxville
  • University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation
  • University of Vermont
  • University of Western Ontario
  • University of Windsor
  • Université Laval
  • Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté
  • Université du Québec à Rimouski
  • Universty of Oklahoma
  • Unwired Labs
  • Upper Mississippi River and Great Lakes Region Joint Venture
  • Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
  • Vermont Center for Ecostudies
  • Virginia Commonwealth University
  • WEST, Inc.
  • Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
  • Washington University in St. Louis, Tyson Research Center
  • Western University
  • Wildlands Photography and Bio-consulting
  • Wildlife Conservation Society Canada
  • Wildlife Habitat Canada
  • Winous Point Marsh Conservancy
  • Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Endangered Resources
  • World Bank Group
  • World Resources Institute
  • Yale University
  • York University
  • Yosemite National Park
  • Yukon’s Qikiqtaruk (Herschel Island) Territorial Park

Studies


Data for the Bird Migration Explorer were shared by researchers from 648 studies. If you are interested in sharing tracking data with the Migratory Bird Initiative, contact us at migratorybirds@audubon.org.

A

  • Alioto N. 2021. Full cycle migration of Red-tailed Hawks through the Great Lakes (unpublished data). Mackinac Straits Raptor Watch and Michigan State University. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1460445220 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Alvarado AH, Bossu CM, Harrigan RJ, Bay RA, Nelson ARP, Smith TB, Ruegg KC. 2022. Genotype–environment associations across spatial scales reveal the importance of putative adaptive genetic variation in divergence. Evolutionary Applications 15:1390–1407. Available from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/eva.13444 (accessed December 19, 2023).
  • Anderson AM, Duijns S, Smith PA, Friis C, Nol E. 2019. Migration distance and body condition influence shorebird migration strategies and stopover decisions during southbound migration. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 7. Available from https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00251 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Anderson AM, Friis C, Gratto-Trevor CL, Harris CM, Love OP, Morrison RIG, Prosser SWJ, Nol E, Smith PA. 2021. Drought at a coastal wetland affects refuelling and migration strategies of shorebirds. Oecologia. Available from https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05047-x (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Anderson CM, Gilchrist HG, Ronconi RA, Shlepr KR, Clark DE, Fifield DA, Robertson GJ, Mallory ML. 2020. Both short and long distance migrants use energy-minimizing migration strategies in North American Herring Gulls. Movement Ecology 8:26. Available from https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00207-9 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Anderson CM, Gilchrist HG, Ronconi RA, Shlepr KR, Clark DE, Weseloh DVC, Robertson GJ, Mallory ML. 2019. Winter home range and habitat selection differs among breeding populations of Herring Gulls in eastern North America. Movement Ecology 7:8. Available from https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0152-x (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Arderne C, Zorn C, Nicolas C, Koks EE. 2020. Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data. Scientific Data 7:19. Available from https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0347-4.
  • Areta JI, Salvador SA, Gandoy FA, Bridge ES, Gorleri FC, Pegan TM, Gulson-Castillo ER, Hobson KA, Winkler DW. 2021. Rapid adjustments of migration and life history in hemisphere-switching Cliff Swallows. Current Biology 31:2914-2919.e2. Available from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.019 (accessed December 16, 2021).
  • Askren R. 2023. ChicagoGooseProject (CTT). Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page%3Dstudies%2Cpath%3Dstudy3062609550 (accessed November 14, 2023).
  • Aubry Y, Desrochers A, MacDonald A, Tremblay J. 2014–2019. EC-Quebec-St Laurent (Project 3). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Avery ML, Humphrey JS, Tillman EA, Kluever BM. 2021. Turkey Vulture tracking data set. Property of US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Florida Field Station. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study24797204 (accessed December 4, 2023).

B

  • Baak JE, Patterson A, Gilchrist G, Elliott, Kyle H. 2021. First evidence of diverging migration and overwintering strategies in Glaucous Gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from the Canadian Arctic. Animal Migration. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1767692280 (accessed April 1, 2022).
  • Bakermans MH, Vitz AV. 2021. Eastern whip-poor-will connectivity. Movebank Data Repository. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1433022345 (accessed April 1, 2022).
  • Baldassarre DT, Campagna L, Thomassen HA, Atwell JW, Chu M, Crampton LH, Fleischer RC, Riehl C. 2019. GPS tracking and population genomics suggest itinerant breeding across drastically different habitats in the Phainopepla. The Auk 136. Available from https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukz058 (accessed February 3, 2021).
  • Baldwin F, Leafloor J, Neufeld L, Fraser KC, Bani Assadi S. 2022. Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) and Cackling Geese (Branta hutchinsii) geo project (unpublished data). Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page%3Dstudies%2Cpath%3Dstudy3193840398 (accessed March 4, 2024).
  • Baldwin J. 2017. Modelling bird migration with Motus data and Bayesian state-space models. Master’s Thesis. University of Massachusetts Amherst. Available from https://doi.org/10.7275/10592605 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Baldwin JW, Leap K, Finn JT, Smetzer JR. 2018. Bayesian state-space models reveal unobserved off-shore nocturnal migration from Motus data. Ecological Modelling 386:38–46. Available from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.08.006 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Bani Assadi S, McKinnon EA, Cheskey ED, Fraser KC. 2022. Does hatch date set the clock? Timing of post-fledging movements for families of a colonially breeding, long-distance migratory songbird. Journal of Avian Biology. Available from https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02766 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Barbaree BA, Reiter ME, Hickey CM, Page GW. 2015. Day and night habitat associations of wintering Dunlin (Calidris alpina) within an agriculture-wetland mosaic. Waterbirds 38:40–46. Available from https://doi.org/10.1675/063.038.0106 (accessed March 9, 2021).
  • Barbaree BA, Reiter ME, Hickey CM, Page GW. 2016. Molt migration and migratory connectivity of the Long-billed Dowitcher. The Journal of Wildlife Management 80:256–265. Available from https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1006 (accessed March 8, 2021).
  • Barney T, Huang M, Pollard J. 2019. North Atlantic Population Canada Goose (Project 276). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Bartzen BA, Dickson DL, Bowman TD. 2017. Migration characteristics of Long-tailed Ducks (Clangula hyemalis) from the western Canadian Arctic. Polar Biology 40:1085–1099. Available from https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-016-2035-6 (accessed April 1, 2021).
  • Basille M, Borkhataria RR, Bryan, AL Jr., Bucklin DN, Picardi S, Frederick PC. 2021. GPS tracking of Wood Storks (Mycteria americana) in the southeastern United States from 2004 to 2019. Movebank Data Repository. Available from https://doi.org/10.5441/001/1.r0h6725k (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Bateman BL, Wilsey C, Taylor L, Wu J, LeBaron GS, Langham G. 2020. North American birds require mitigation and adaptation to reduce vulnerability to climate change. Conservation Science and Practice 2:e242. Available from https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.242.
  • Bay RA, Karp DS, Saracco JF, Anderegg WRL, Frishkoff LO, Wiedenfeld D, Smith TB, Ruegg K. 2021. Genetic variation reveals individual-level climate tracking across the annual cycle of a migratory bird. Ecology Letters 24:819–828. Available from https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13706 (accessed March 31, 2022).
  • Bayly NJ, Norris DR, Taylor PD, Hobson KA, Morales-Rozo A. 2020. There’s no place like home: Tropical overwintering sites may have a fundamental role in shaping migratory strategies. Animal Behaviour 162:95–104. Available from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.02.003 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Beason JP, Gunn C, Potter KM, Sparks RA, Fox JW. 2012. The northern Black Swift: migration path and wintering area revealed. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 124:1–8. Available from https://doi.org/10.1676/11-146.1 (accessed April 1, 2022).
  • Beauchamp AT, Guglielmo CG, Morbey YE. 2020. Stopover refueling, movement, and departure decisions in the White-throated Sparrow: the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors during spring migration. Journal of Animal Ecology. Available from https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13315 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Bedrosian BE, Cain SL, Wolff S, Craighead DJ. 2015. Migratory pathways, timing, and home ranges of southern Greater Yellowstone Osprey. Journal of Raptor Research 49:325–332. Available from https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-14-42.1 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Beguería S, Vicente-Serrano SM, Angulo-Martínez M. 2010. A Multiscalar Global Drought Dataset: The SPEIbase: A New Gridded Product for the Analysis of Drought Variability and Impacts. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 91:1351–1356. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010BAMS2988.1 (accessed February 8, 2024).
  • Beguería S, Vicente-Serrano SM, Reig F, Latorre B. 2014. Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) revisited: parameter fitting, evapotranspiration models, tools, datasets and drought monitoring. International Journal of Climatology 34:3001–3023. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.3887 (accessed February 8, 2024).
  • Bennett RE, Barker Swarthout S, Bolsinger JS, Rodewald AD, Rosenberg KV, Rohrbaugh RW. 2017. Extreme genetic similarity does not predict non-breeding distribution of two closely related warblers. Journal of Field Ornithology 88:156–168. Available from https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12195 (accessed March 29, 2022).
  • Bennett RE, Rodewald AD, Rosenberg KV, Chandler R, Chavarria-Duriaux L, Gerwin JA, King DI, Larkin JL. 2019. Drivers of variation in migration behavior for a linked population of long-distance migratory passerine. The Auk 136. Available from https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukz051 (accessed March 29, 2022).
  • Berlin AM. 2016. Red-throated Loon (Diving Bird Study). Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page%3Dstudies%2Cpath%3Dstudy3168030668 (accessed February 23, 2024).
  • Berlin AM. 2016. Surf Scoter (Diving Bird Study). Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page%3Dstudies%2Cpath%3Dstudy3360767360 (accessed February 23, 2024).
  • Berrigan L, Taylor P. 2016–2017. Taylor - SWTH (Project 109). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Berrigan L. 2018, May 14. Post-breeding movements of Swainson’s Thrush in Southern Nova Scotia. Master’s Thesis. Acadia University. Available from https://scholar.acadiau.ca/islandora/object/theses:3190 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Bianchini K, Morrissey CA. 2018. Assessment of shorebird migratory fueling physiology and departure timing in relation to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination in the Gulf of Mexico. Environmental Science & Technology. Available from https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b04571 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Bianchini K, Newstead DJ, Morrissey CA. 2021. Differences in migration timing along the midcontinental flyway in Sanderling (Calidris alba) from three Gulf of Mexico staging areas. Waterbirds 43:225–356. The Waterbird Society. Available from https://doi.org/10.1675/063.043.0301 (accessed July 27, 2022).
  • Bianchini K. 2018. Investigating the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on avian pre-migratory fuelling and migration. PhD Thesis. University of Saskatchewan.
  • Bickford N, Colorado State University Pueblo. 2021. Red-tailed Hawks trapped in Nebraska.
  • Bierregaard R, MacLeod I. 2013. Osprey Bierregaard North and South America (2007-2013). Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study108619038 (accessed April 1, 2022).
  • Bierregaard R, MacLeod I. 2019. Osprey Bierregaard North and South America. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study8868155 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Bird Conservancy of the Rockies. 2021. Geolocator data for Swainson’s Thrush (unpublished data).
  • Bird Conservancy of the Rockies. 2021. Geolocator data for Western Tanager (unpublished data).
  • BirdLife International and Handbook of the Birds of the World. 2022. Bird species distribution maps of the world. Version 2022.2. Available from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/requestdis.
  • Blake W. 2018–2020. Intermountain West Collaborative - UM birds (Project 352). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Block TA, Lyon BE, Mikalonis Z, Chaine AS, Shizuka D. 2021. Social migratory connectivity: do birds that socialize in winter breed together? bioRxiv. Available from https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.03.471164 (accessed December 16, 2021).
  • Blomberg EJ, Fish AC, Berigan LA, Roth AM. 2022. American Woodcock migration ecology in eastern North America. Eastern Woodcock Migration Research Cooperative. University of Maine. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study351564596 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Bloom PH, McCrary MD, Scott JM, Papp JM, Sernka KJ, Thomas SE, Kidd JW, Henckel EH, Henckel JL, Gibson MJ. 2015. Northward summer migration of Red-tailed Hawks fledged from southern latitudes. Journal of Raptor Research 49:1–17. Available from https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-14-54.1 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Bolinger S. 2019–2020. CONI annual survivorship in coastal Louisiana (Project 285). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Bonisoli-Alquati A, Landis D, Bloom PH. 2024. Migratory Turkey Vultures in Western North America, 2021–2024. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page%3Dstudies%2Cpath%3Dstudy2974192054 (accessed March 5, 2024).
  • Booms TL. 2021. Alaska Golden Eagles. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fairbanks, AK. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study17680093 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Boyce A, Raginski N, Rushing C, Ross J. 2021–2023. Smithsonian Northern Great Plains MOTUS (Project 386). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Boyd S, Elser D, Willie M, Bowman T, Schamber JL, Thompson J. 2017. Migration patterns of Pacific sea ducks (unpublished data). Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1441422788 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Boyd SW, Ward DH, Kraege DK, Gerick AA. 2005. Brant (unpublished data). Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1518377 (accessed December 4, 2023).
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  • Uehling J, Mackenzie S. 2017–2018. CTT Delaware Bay Sanderling (Project 222). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
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V

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  • Venter O et al. 2016. Global terrestrial human footprint maps for 1993 and 2009. Scientific Data 3:160067. Available from https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.67.
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W

  • Walker C, Seymour M. 2017–2018. Least Tern - Microsite Assessment of Range Ecology (Project 132). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Ward C, Bell D, Mackenzie S. 2015. Atlantic Canada BITH (Project 72). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Ward DH, Esler D, Boyd WS, Douglas DC. 2020. Tracking data for Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata). U.S. Geological Survey. Available from https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LUFGEF (accessed March 31, 2022).
  • Ward MP, Slayton S. 2023. Chicago Black-crowned Night-Heron project. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page%3Dstudies%2Cpath%3Dstudy2830157729 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Watson JW. 2018. Migration patterns, timing, and seasonal destinations of adult Ferruginous Hawks (Buteo regalis). Journal of Raptor Research 52:267–281. Available from https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-17-30.1 (accessed September 17, 2021).
  • Webb M, Ryder B, Lamoree K, Latimer C, Somershoe S, Richmond O, Kilner C. 2019–2021. Great Plains Chihuahuan Desert Motus (Project 281). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Weithman C. 2019–2020. Piping Plover Migratory Behavior (Project 278). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Welch L, Langlois M. 2021. Artic Tern tracking data (publication in progress). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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  • Welch L. 2014–2015. Welch (Project 7). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Wessel P, Smith WHF. 2017. Global Self-consistent, Hierarchical, High-resolution Geography Database (GSHHG). Version 2.3.7. University of Hawai’i, NOAA Geosciences Lab. Available from https://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pwessel/gshhg/.
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  • Whelan S, Hatch SA, Irons DB, McKnight A, Elliott KH. 2020. Increased summer food supply decreases non-breeding movement in Black-legged Kittiwakes. Biology Letters 16:20190725. Available from https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0725 (accessed January 28, 2021).
  • Whitaker DM, Warkentin IG, Hobson KA, Thomas P, Boardman R. 2018. Fall and winter movements of Newfoundland Gray-cheeked Thrushes (Catharus minimus minimus). Animal Migration 5:42–48. Available from https://doi.org/10.1515/ami-2018-0004 (accessed December 4, 2023).
  • Wiebe K. 2018. Annual migration track of a Snowy Owl (unpublished data). Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1083915494 (accessed October 28, 2020).
  • Wikelski M, Cochran WW. 1992. Bill Cochran legacy VEER migration. Available from http://www.movebank.org/panel_embedded_movebank_webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study2354282 (accessed October 28, 2020).
  • Wikelski M, Cochran WW. 2004. Bill Cochran legacy WOTH migration. Available from http://www.movebank.org/panel_embedded_movebank_webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study2353397 (accessed October 28, 2020).
  • Wikelski M. 2021. ICARUS HawkWatch International. Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior. Available from https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1700206712 (accessed April 1, 2022).
  • Wilkinson BP, Satgé YG, Lamb JS, Jodice PGR. 2019. Tropical cyclones alter short-term activity patterns of a coastal seabird. Movement Ecology 7:30. Available from https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0178-0 (accessed March 31, 2022).
  • Williams K, Dykstra C. 2021–2023. Ohio University Avian Movement Ecology (Project 406). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Williams K. 2018–2019. TU WIPL LA (Project 188). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Willistown Conservation Trust Carnegie Museum of Natural History Pennsylvania Game Commission Maryland Department of Natural Resources. 2014–2021. Northeast Motus Collaboration (Project 48). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • Witynski ML, Bonter DN. 2018. Crosswise migration by Yellow Warblers, Nearctic-Neotropical passerine migrants. Journal of Field Ornithology 89:37–46. Available from https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12237 (accessed October 28, 2020).
  • Wong JB et al. 2021. Arctic Terns from circumpolar breeding colonies share common migratory routes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 671:191–206. Available from https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13779 (accessed April 1, 2022).
  • Woodard P, Smith P. 2015–2020. Arctic Shorebirds - CWS Yellowknife (Project 68). Data accessed from Motus Wildlife Tracking System, Birds Canada. Available from https://motus.org (accessed October 31, 2023).
  • WorldPop (www.worldpop.org - School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton; Department of Geography and Geosciences, University of Louisville; Departement de Geographie, Universite de Namur), Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University (2018). 2020. Global High Resolution Population Denominators Project - Funded by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1134076). Available from https://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/WP00647.
  • Wright JR, Powell LL, Tonra CM. 2018. Automated telemetry reveals staging behavior in a declining migratory passerine. The Auk:461–476. Available from https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-17-219.1 (accessed July 27, 2022).

Y

  • Yanco SW, Linkhart BD, Marra PP, Mika M, Ciaglo M, Carver A, Wunder MB. 2022. Niche dynamics suggest ecological factors influencing migration in an insectivorous owl. Ecology 103:e3617. Available from https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3617 (accessed March 14, 2022).
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